The word democracy comes from the Greek words demos (“people”) and kratos (“power” or “rule”). Democracy is a political system that gives people power to govern themselves, with the premise that everyone has the right to participate in government through free and fair elections. It is an idea that has evolved over time, with no two democracies exactly the same. However, there are certain common characteristics. These include: freedom of speech, assembly and association; the rule of law; protection from unwarranted governmental deprivation of fundamental rights; freedom to vote; and a commitment to, and protection of, independent media.
Democracy is not easy to uphold and defend, especially when citizens or leaders violate its tenets. Nevertheless, the fact that democracy has survived in many places throughout the world is evidence of its enduring appeal and capacity to self-correct. As long as there is a desire for freedom, democratic institutions will continue to evolve and offer more opportunities for progress and renewal.
The health of a democracy depends on many things, including compromise and understanding. It also requires active participation – whether in voting, protesting or running for office. But above all, it must be safe and secure. Infringements of the human rights to life, liberty and security, dignity and respect and justice will diminish its effectiveness and threaten its future. This is why democracy and human rights are inextricably linked.